What are the components in vape?

Electronic cigarettes are made by mixing nicotine, propylene glycol, plant glycerol, and food grade seasoning agents. Nicotine concentration typically varies between 0% and 3.6%. Propylene glycol and plant glycerol account for 80-90% of the electronic cigarette liquid. Seasoning agents are usually within the range of 1-10%. The proportion and types of electronic cigarettes may vary depending on the brand and model, but these are their basic components.

Electronic cigarette liquid composition
nicotine
Nicotine is one of the most common main components in electronic cigarette liquids. The concentration of nicotine can vary from 0% to approximately 3.6% depending on the brand and type. Nicotine is extracted from tobacco plants and is one of the main reasons why many people use e-cigarettes. Nicotine is addictive and can stimulate the central nervous system, producing temporary pleasure.
Propylene glycol and plant glycerol
Propylene glycol (PG) and plant glycerol (VG) are the main basic components of electronic cigarette liquids, usually accounting for about 80-90% of the volume of electronic cigarette liquids. Propylene glycol is used to produce a sensation of throat impact, while plant glycerol is used to generate a large amount of smoke. These two substances are commonly used in food and pharmaceutical products, but their safety in inhalation form has not been fully studied.
Food grade seasoning agents
Food grade seasoning typically accounts for 1-10% of the volume of electronic cigarette liquid. These seasonings are responsible for the unique flavors of e-cigarettes, such as mint, fruit, and candy. However, even food grade seasonings have unknown health effects upon inhalation.
Heating tobacco products
Differences from e-cigarettes
There are some basic differences between heatable tobacco products and e-cigarettes. Firstly, heated tobacco products use actual tobacco instead of liquid tobacco extracts. These products generate steam by heating tobacco instead of burning it. Therefore, they typically do not produce tar and some other harmful substances, which are typically found in traditional tobacco smoke.
Secondly, heatable tobacco products are often closer to traditional tobacco products in terms of taste and experience, including taste and smell. That's also why some people may prefer to use this product over e-cigarettes.
Main components
The main components of heated tobacco products typically include tobacco, glycerol, and various additives used for seasoning and preservation. Tobacco is usually the main ingredient in these products, accounting for approximately 90% of the total weight. Glycerin and other wetting agents may account for the remaining 10% to help generate steam. Seasoning agents and other additives (such as preservatives) usually only account for a small proportion.
The specific ingredients and proportions may vary depending on brand and model, but generally, the ingredients of these products are closer to traditional tobacco products than electronic cigarette liquids. However, they usually do not include harmful substances like tar because there is no combustion process.
Common additives and their effects
Sweetener
Sweeteners such as saccharin and mannitol are often used in electronic cigarette liquids and heatable tobacco products to increase the attractiveness of the taste. These sweeteners typically account for 1-3% of the total volume. Although sweeteners are relatively safe to use in food and beverages, their safety in inhaled products has not been fully validated. Some studies suggest that inhaling steam containing sweeteners may be harmful to lung tissue.

pigment
Although pigments are not commonly used in electronic cigarette liquids, they can still be found in some brands and flavors. Pigments may account for 0.1% or less of the volume of electronic cigarette liquid. These pigments are usually food grade and used to change the color of electronic cigarette liquids or vapors. However, the inhalation safety of these pigments has not been confirmed.
Other chemical substances
In addition to the above ingredients, electronic cigarette liquids and heatable tobacco products may also contain other chemicals, such as preservatives and stabilizers. These additives typically exist in very small proportions, typically less than 1%. However, the inhalation effects and potential health effects of these chemicals are not yet clear.
The presence of various additives raises questions about product safety and potential health risks.